Sunday, February 26, 2017

Picture books

Bark George by Jules Feiffer
Black and White by David Macaulay
The Day The Crayons Quit by Drew Daywalt
Don't Let The Pigeon Drive the Bus! by Mo Willems
The Dot by Peter H Reynolds
Duck & Goose by Tad Hills
Fox by Margaret Wild
Giraffes Can't Dance by Giles Andreae
The Grouchy Ladybug by Eric Carl
Hattie and the Fox by Mem Fox
How To Read A Story by Kate Messne
Knuffle Bunny by Mo Willems
Mortimer by Robert Munsch
The Napping House by Audrey Wood
No, David! by David Shannon
The Paper Bag Princess by Robert Munsch
Peter's Chair by Ezra Jack Keats
The Snowy Day by Ezra Jack Keats
The Stinky Cheese Man by Jon Scieszka
Swimming by Leo Lionni
The Three Pigs by David Weisner
The Very Hungry Caterpillar by Eric Carl
We Are in a Book by Mo Willems
Yo! Yes? by Chris Raschka

Glossary

Consonant blend: group of two or three consonants in words.  Differs from digraph in that you still hear the individual consonant sounds as in the ‘str’ in strap.

Decodable texts:  texts that are written to specifically support new readers by focusing on the phonics instruction they have received.  A student who is familiar with the “all” sound may read a decodable text that supports that learning by having words like ball, fall, wall, tall and hall.  These books will also have illustrations that will also aid in the decoding of text.  For example, the text, “Mary tossed the ball over the tall wall” could be accompanied by an illustration of a girl throwing a ball over a tall wall.


Digraph: two consonants that combine to make a new sound.  S and h form the Sh sound.  Best friend letters.

Emergent reader: one who is building a relationship with text.  They are learning the basic concepts of books, print, letters, words and their relationship to sound and spoken words.

Fluency: the ability to read text accuracy, with meaning, quickly and follow punctuation.  It should be noted that an ability to read fluently does not denote comprehension of what is being read.

Formative assessment: used to monitor student learning and progress.  provides ongoing feedback that can be used to improve teaching.

grapheme: the written representation of sound.  The word knight has 3 individual graphines: Kn-igh-t

Matthew effect: variation on “The rich get richer and the poor get poorer.”  In literacy, can refer to the fact that children exposed at an early age to literature and reading have a larger vocabulary and more reading/writing success that children who are not.  Children who are not exposed to literature and reading at an early age enter school with a word ‘deficit’ that can have a negative impact on their future development.

Mentor text:  A piece of literature that can be reread over and over for the purpose of highlighting a specific teaching point.  Mentor texts can be used by students to emulate a strategy or style that is being highlighted.

Mini lesson: a short (10) minute lesson that focuses on teaching a skill, concept or strategy.  What is taught is informed by teachers’ assessment of students’ needs.  The purpose of a mini lesson is to give the students the tools they need to complete the work required of the larger unit of study.

Miscue: a response from a student reading text during a running record that does not match with what the teacher would expect to hear.

Miscue analysis: a review of miscues to determine which cueing system, Meaning (semantic), Structure (Syntactic) or Visual (graphophonic) that a student is focusing most heavily on.  Once a pattern is established, strategies can be suggested to help the student get all three systems in balance.

Morpheme: the smallest unit of meaning in a word.  Un break able.  In come ing.  Pin s.

onomatopoeia: a word whose sound suggests or is associated with what is being named.  Buzz, Zip, Oink.

Onset: the initial unit of a word (consonant or consonant blend).   Onset and Rime: Cat.  Onset=C Rime=at.  Strap.  Onset=Str Rime=ap. Grate. Onset=Gr Rime=ate.

Ontology: the branch of metaphysics dealing wit the nature of being.

Orthography: a languages spelling system

Phoneme: smallest single unit of sound.  Sounding out bed, b-e-d there are 3 phoneme’s.  (think, tapping out a word).

Phonemic awareness: The ability to hear single unites of sounds and manipulate them.  For example, knowing that changing the b sound in b-e-d for an f sound now gives you f-e-d.

Phonics: How sounds are represented by letters.  Spoken sound and it’s relationship to written symbols.

Phonological awareness:  The ability to recognize that words are comprised of groupings of units of sound.  It includes phonemic awareness as well as the ability to recognize syllables in words,
rhyming, differentiation between similar words, etc…

Picture walk: A reading strategy used by emergent and early readers to help them more fully engage with literature.  The student, with guidance from the teacher, will preview the book by looking at the title and the pictures on each page.  This is done to bring the child more fully in to the reading experience and also helps to support the strategy of looking to the illustrations to help make meaning of text.

Prosody: patters of rhythm and sound in poetry

Rime: the letters that follow the onset, usually a vowel and ending consonants.  Onset and Rime: Cat.  Onset=C Rime=at.  Strap.  Onset=Str Rime=ap. Grate. Onset=Gr Rime=ate.


Running record: Reading assessment where a student reads text to the teacher.  The teacher then makes a record of words that the student read correctly, if they skipped any words or made any self corrections or substitutions.  Once analyzed, this record can let a teacher know if a certain text is too hard, easy or just right by the number and frequency of semantic, syntactic or graphophonic errors present.

Shared reading: a reading activity where the teacher reads a text out loud to students.  The students all have access to the text being read.  Because the teacher is doing the hard work of decoding the text, the students can be exposed to more advanced literature than they would on their own.  Also, since students do not have to focus they attention on decoding, more mental energy is available for comprehension and fluency.

Summative assessment: used to evaluate a students knowledge at the end of a unit of study.  data compared to benchmarks/standards (exams/final projects).


Zone of proximal development - The conceptual “area” between what a person can do/learn on their own and what they can do/learn with help.  In this “area” an informed individual can help to guide understanding.